1620
February
The Dutch offer the Pilgrims land around the mouth of the Hudson River. The offer is rejected.
New Jersey
A Dutch immigrant ship is wrecked on Sandy Hook. The crew and passengers get ashore, travel to Manhattan. Penelope van Princis stays behind with her seriously wounded husband. Raritan Indians find them, kill the husband and wound Penelope, leaving her for dead. She is captured by two Indians and eventually ransomed by New Amsterdam.
1622
Oct 23
New Amsterdam settler Jacob Leendertsen Van Der Grift is baptized in Amsterdam, Holland, by his parents Lenaert Evertse Van Der Grift & Maritjen Pauwels.
1623
City
Dutch soldier Philippe Wiltsie, ancestor of Pittsford, New York, merchant Charles Wiltsie, arrives in Manhattan.
1624
Jan 21
Catalina Trico and Joris Rapalje, passengers for the Nieu Netherland, are married in Amsterdam.
April
The Dutch ship New Netherland under Cornelis Jacobsz Mey departs with 30 families aboard, mostly French Hugenots from Spanish-ruled Belgium, the first settlers, for the mouth of the Hudson. Of the five unmarried women aboard four will be married while at sea.
May
The New Netherland arrives in New York harbor, discovers a French ship, which they escort out of the area. The settlers arrive on Nooten Eylandt (Nut Island, now Governors Island). Most go up the Hudson aboard the New Netherland to Fort Orange (Albany) the rest begin farming on Staten Island. The vessel will return to the Netherlands. ** The approximate date Jan Vinje (Jean Vigne, Vienje, Finje, Van Gee) is born in Manhattan – perhaps the first European bon here - to Dutch immigrants Guillaume and Adriana Cuveille Vinje (disputed - see 1625 de Rapaelje).
May
Cornelis Jacobsz May is named director of New Amsterdam.
November 24
December
Dutch West India Company ships have returned to the Netherlands, bringing reports of great success in the New Amsterdam colonies. They carry furs worth 50,000 guilders.
City
Farmers on Nooten Eylandt move to Manhattan to get more room for their crops. 30 Walloon families sent by the Dutch West India Company arrive on Manhattan Island, with Captain Cornelius May on the Nieu Netherland and join them. A small contingent is left on the island. The rest split up and move to the east shore of the Delaware River (where they found Fort Nassau), and to the Albany area. ** Population: 270 [the pertinent year given for the '270' ranges from 1624-1630].
Netherlands
The approximate date New York City landowner and merchant Joahannes Pieterse Van Brugh is born in Haerlem to Pieter and Helena Van Brugh.
1625
April
A second group of Dutch colonists, numbering 45, sail from Holland for New Amsterdam, Minister Bastiaen Jansz Krol, returning to the New World, most likely among them. The three ships - Paert (House), Koe (Cow) and Schaep (Sheep) - fitted out by the Amsterdam Chamber of the West India Company, also carries large numbers of livestock and amounts of agricultural supplies.
April 27
A fast-sailing yacht accompanying the Dutch ships is captured by the English and taken to Dunkirk - at that time under the English.
Jun 1
Sarah de Rapaelje is born in Breuckelen (Brooklyn) to Jan Jand his wife Catalina, the first child of European parents born in New Netherland (disputed, see: 1624 Vinje/Vigne).
July
Director Willem Verhulst is ordered to pick a site for a New Amsterdam fort. He will chose lower Manhattan.
September
England and the Netherlands sign the Treaty of Southampton, a defensive and offensive alliance designed to protect the latter from Spain. Colonial ports are to be open to both English and Dutch merchants.
October
The Dutch West India Company sacks San Juan, Puerto Rico. They capture a bell which will be used next year for the tower in a horse mill in New Amsterdam.
Dec 19
Peter Minuit prepares to leave Amsterdqm on the Meeuwken or Zeemeeuw (Sea Mew) but is delayed for close to three weeks.
City
A second Dutch West India Company ship arrives, carrrying over a hundred settlers and 103 head of livestock, as well as Willem Verhulst, who is to replace Cornelis Jacobsz as director of New Amsterdam. His orders are to establish six farms on Manhattan Island. A number of construction workers headed by Crijn Fredericks (Kryn Frederycks) arrive with Verhulst, and stake out Fort Amsterdam, at the southern tip of Manhattan. ** Settlers trade with the natives for 5,295 beaver pelts and 463 otter skins, ship the pelts back to the Netherlands.
Netherlands
Dominie Baudartius of Zutphen receives a letter from New Amsterdam, praising its lushness and freedom of fear of Indians.
1626
Jan 9
Peter Minuit, delayed by winter storms, sails from Texel, Holland.
May 4
Minuit arrives at New Amsterdam in the Sea-mew. At some point, probably later in the month, he buys Manhattan island from the Canarsie (Wappinger Confederacy) Indians for 60 guilders.
Jul 27
New Netherland Company Secretary and commercial agent Isaak de Rasière arrives in New Amsterdam aboard the Arms of Amsterdam.
Jul 31
Minuit returns to Manhattan from a trip to Albany.
Aug 1
Minuit meets with De Rasière. They decide to send Frisian lay minister Bastiaen Krol to Albany to replace the massacred Daniel Van Criekenbeeck as military leader of the outpost.
Aug 10
Minuit buys Staten Island from the natives.
Sep 23
Willem Verhulst and his wife return to the Netherlands aboard the ship The Arms of Amsterdam, as does Fort Orange commander Pieter Barentsz, who will be replaced by Kol. The ship also carries a letter from Secretary and commercial agent Issack de Rasière to the directors of the Amsterdam Chamber of the West India Company - the first known letter written from New Amsterdam, announcing Peter Minuit’s purchase of Manhattan Island from the Lenape Indians for 60 guilders, and his orders to many colonists at Fort Orange (Albany) and Fort Nassau (Gloucerster, New Jersey) to move to New Amsterdam. He mentions buying beads from the Minquac Indians, and sends several samples, asking for manufctured beads in return. The vessel also bears samples of summer grain crops as well as more than 8,000 animal pelts and many samples of oak and hickory. With Fort Amsterdam nearing completion, builder Crijn Fredericks departs.
Nov 4
The Arms of Amsterdam arrives in that city.
Nov 5
The Dutch West India Company, having received the letter from New Amsterdam, report to the Dutch government.
Nov 7
A Dutch States General Clerk notes the receipt of de Rasière letter; adds no further action is necessary.
City
Minuit is appointed by a council of Dutch West India Company directors as first director-general of New Netherlands, replacing company agent Willem Verhulst, who had been accused of mismanagement. ** The first flour mill in the colony is built. ** The colony sends 7,258 beaver skins to Holland. ** The fear of Indian attacks causes the Fort Orange settlers to be removed to Manhattan, leaving only 25 traders behind. Engineer Kryn Frederycks lays out Fort Amsterdam on the lower end of Manhattan Island, where the Customs House stands today. He lays out a bouwery (farm) and a burying ground. ** Three Wecquaesgeek Indians coming to trade furs clash with three of Minuit's soldiers, one of the natives is killed and his nephew vows revenge. ** The approximate date Dutch printer Joost Hartgers publishes the first visual depiction of Manhattan, in his engraving Fort Nieuw Amsterdam op de Manhatans.
1627
Mar 19
William Bradford writes to the Dutch at New Amsterdam, expressing the Pilgrims’ appreciation for treatment they received while living in the Netherlands. He accepts an offer to trade from Dutch West India Company secretary Isaak de Rasières.
Aug 7
Dutch delegate Jan de Wieringen arrives in Plymouth, Massachusetts, with gifts of sugar and cheese, and a message from Peter Minuit - maintaining Dutch rights to settle and trade in New Amsterdam.
Aug 14
The approximate date Bradford writes to New Amsterdam, reiterating England's claim to the entire region and suggesting their home country work with his as soon as possible to resolve the issue.
Oct 1
Bradford writes the government in New Amsterdam, again thanking the Dutch for their hospitality to the Pilgrims.
City
The Company sends goods worth 56,170 guilders to New Amsterdam and receives 7,520 beaver pelts and 370 otter skins, worth 56,420 guilders.
France
The approximate date New York City pioneer Isaac Bedlow/e is born in Calais.
1628
Apr 7
Jonas Michaëlius (Michielse), the first Dutch Reformed minister in the colonies, arrives and founds the forerunner of the Collegiate Reformed Dutch Church, holding the first service. His wife dies seven weeks later.
August 8
Michaëlius writes a letter describing the settlement of New Amsterdam to those back in Holland. He writes a second such letter three days later. In them he describes the dearth of food due to the size of the population against the lack of farmers and cattle. He addresses the need for a supply of horses, cows, and builders; the latter who could later become farmers.
August 11
Michaelius writes another letter to Amsterdam, referring to the difficulty in getting Bastiaen down from Albany, leading to a decision to chose two elders to assist himself in ecclesiastical matters, and his choice of Minuit and his brother-in-law the storekeeper Jan Huygen.
City
The Dutch West India Company imports three female slaves from Angola. ** The Amsterdam Chamber's Samuel Bloemaerts receives a report that Manhattan settlers have ploughed eight times in the last four years, and that 120 acres in six farms are under cultivation. ** The city suffers its first fire. ** Commercial agent Isaak de Rasière writes to Samuel Blommaert, a friend in the Netherlands, explaining the Indians' use of wampum as a machampe, or bride's price. The agent will return to Amsterdam before the end of the year. ** As the earlier earthwork fortification crumbles Minuit decides to build new defenses, faced with stone. ** The settlement's population is 270.
1629
Jun 7
To encourage Manhattan colonization the Dutch West India Company's Charter of Freedoms and Exemptions (Charter of Liberties) establishes the patroon system in New Netherland (New York). In exchange for a Manhattan trade monopoly the Company agrees to supply slaves and build a better fort on Manhattan. Indian lands outside of Manhattan must be purchased from them. Amsterdam pearl merchant Killian van Rensselaer is given the first charter. Charters are also issued to Johannes de Laet, David Pieters de Vries, Michiel Pauw, Samuel Godyn and Samuel Blommaert.
Sep 10
Jonas Bronk buys 500 acres of land north of Manhattan from the local Indians.
Netherlands
Even though the New World fur trade is making money, directors of the Dutch West India Company complain to the States General that settlers are not producing a profit. Independent fur exporters are to be taxed one guilder per hide after this year; private importers will pay a 5% import duty and to pay - at Amstrerdam - for brandy, codfish, salt, naval stores and vinegar brought into the Netherlands. Colonists are forbidden to manufacture their own linens, wool or cloth.
© 2011 David Minor / Eagles Byte
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